Director: Orhan Yenigun
Assistant Directors: Isil Balcioglu, Ferhan Cecen
Professors: Isil Balcioglu, Miray Bekbolet, Ferhan Cecen, Aysen Erdincler, Bahar Kasapgil Ince, Nilsun Ince, Gunay Kocasoy, Turgut T. Onay, Melek Turker Sacan, Orhan Yenigun
Associate Professors: Nilgun Kiran Ciliz, Nadim Copty, Andrzej Furman, Ali Kerem Saysel
Assistant Professors: Ibrahim Rasit Bilgin, Basak Guven
Instructor:Ceyda Senem Uyguner
Scope and Goals
The goal of the program is to prepare professional environmental scientists, engineers and researchers who can deal with the complexities of environmental problems, propose scientifically and economically meaningful solutions, develop recommendations for sound policies, and devise means to implement the policies adopted. Furthermore, the Institute aims to emphasize the importance of appropriate environmental technologies, intending to act as a leader institution for developing countries.
Curriculum
The course load requirements for the Ph.D. program is 24 credit hours. Students with an M.S. degree in a field other than environmental sciences or engineering shall complete the prerequisite core courses suggested by the graduate advisor before starting to take courses for the field of specialization they have selected.
Fields of Specialization:
Environmental Sciences:
Environmental Pure Sciences
Environmental Social Sciences
All students registered in the Ph.D. Program are expected to present a Ph.D. dissertation at the and of their studies to fulfill the requirements of the Institute for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Students, after completing their dissertation, are obliged to make a presentation of their work to the faculty within 2-4 weeks prior to their dissertation defense.
Course List
ESC 500 On Site Training (non-credit)
ESC 501.01 Principles of Environmental Pollution (3+0+0)3
ESC 501.02 Principles of Environmental Pollution (3+0+0)3
ESC 504 Computational Methods in Environmental Analysis (3+0+0)3
ESC 505 Public Health Engineering (3+0+0)3
ESC 506 Waste Minimization, Recycling and Clean Technologies (3+0+0)3
ESC 507 Modern Concepts in Environmental Engineering (3+0+0)3
ESC 509 Energy and Environment (3+0+0)3
ESC 512 Advanced Techniques in Treatment Plant Design (3+0+0)3
ESC 513 Industrial Wastewater Control (3+0+0)3
ESC 515 Marine Pollution (3+0+0)3 Available this semester
ESC 519 Low Cost Wastewater Treatment (3+0+0)3
ESC 534 Landfill Leachate Techniques (3+0+0)3
ESC 541 Environmental Economics (3+0+0)3
ESC 543 Treatment Technologies (3+0+0)3
ESC 544 Eco-management (3+0+0)3
ESC 545 Environmental Sociology (3+0+0)3
ESC 546 Environmental Ethics (3+0+0)3
ESC 547 Environmental Law (3+0+0)3
ESC 548 Tourism and Environment (3+0+0)3
ESC 551 Environmental Chemistry (3+0+0)3
ESC 552 Chemistry for Environmental Sciences Engineering (2+0+2)3
ESC 556 Environmental Biology
ESC 557 Environmental Microbiology (3+0+0)3
ESC 558 Concepts and Models in Ecology (3+0+0)3
ESC 568 Pollution Prevention Assessment (3+0+0)3
ESC 570 Environmental Applications of Geographical Information Systems (3+0+0)3
ESC 571 Introduction to Climate Dynamics (3+0+0)3
ESC 572 Global Environmental Systems (3+0+0)3
ESC 573 Environmental Oceanography (3+0+0)3
ESC 574 Renewable and Non-renewable Resources (3+0+0)3
ESC 575 Environmental Hazard Management (3+0+0)3
ESC 576 Coastal Zone Management (3+0+0)3
ESC 577 Systems Modeling for Environmental Dynamics (3+0+0)3
ESC 578 Systems Inquiry and Modeling for Sustainable Development (3+0+0)3
ESC 579 Graduate Seminar (0+1+0)0
ESC 58C SP.STUD:ENV.MAN.SYS.ISO 14000,ENV.IMP.AS
ESC 58D SP.TOP.ENV.AUDITING IN ISO 14000,ENV.MAN
ESC 590 Microbial Ecology (3+0+0) 3
ESC 597 STES :Environmental Aspects and Use of Miscellanous Chemicals (3+0+0)3
ESC 598 STES:Statistics for Environmental Sciences (3+0+0)3
ESC 599 STES: Ecology of Environmental Pathogens (3+0+0)3
ESC 59A SP.TOP.:AGRICULTURE FOOD&ENVIRONMENT
ESC 59B Environmental Molecular Microbiology: Methods and Applications
ESC 59C SP.TOP.IN ENV.SC.: MOL.ECOLOGY&EVOLUTION
ESC 59D SP.TOP.STATISTICAL METHODS IN BIOINFORMA
ESC 59E STES: Research Methodologies in Fluvial Systems Modelling
ESC 59F STES:GENETIC DATA ANALYS
ESC 59G Sp.Top. Hydrological Processes
ESC 601 Ph.D. Seminar (0+1+0)0
ESC 635 Erosion and its Control (3+0+0)3
ESC 641 Urban and Regional Environmental Planning (3+0+0)3
ESC 651 Environmental Toxicology (3+0+0)3
ESC 653 Chemistry of the Atmosphere (3+0+0)3
ESC 690 M.S. Thesis (non-credit)
ESC 790 Ph.D. Thesis (non-credit)
Course Descriptions
ESC 500 On Site Training (non-credit)
Visit to water and wastewater treatment plants, sanitary landfills, incinerators, etc. where students will be provided with technical information as well as crucial and practical aspects of pollution control methods.
ESC 501.01 Principles of Environmental Pollution (3+0+0)3
An overview into environmental pollution problems. Environmental legislations and regulations. Characteristics of waters and wastewaters. Water pollution and its control. Classification of water sources and water treatment systems. Basic understanding of municipal wastewater treatment, sludge treatment and disposal, solid waste management, hazardous wastes and their treatment, air pollution and control and noise pollution.
ESC 501.02 Principles of Environmental Pollution (3+0+0)3
Class discussions on : Environmental problems arised from urbanization, industrilization and high population growth. Turkish, EC and EPA regulations for protection of drinking water resources. Health and social problems due to lack of safe drinking water supplies in undeveloped countries. Correct on site treatment/ disposal alternatives based on population, land use and soil condition. Characterization of wastewater treatment plants with specific operational practices (including all stages of treatment and sea discharges) of a metroplitan city. Adequacey of domestic wastewater disposal systems on a regional basis (in Turkey). Acid rain: A global environmental issue interms of nature of problem (its ccurrence, effects on aquatic systems, terresrial ecosystems (croplands ) groundwater etc. The greenhouse effect as a global environmental issue. Its occurrence and International agreements (Kyoto Protocol) for control measures. Note: This section is for Environmental Social Sciences M.S. students.
ESC 504 Computational Methods in Environmental Analysis (3+0+0)3
Review of numerical techniques used in the solution of ordinary and partial differential equations; principles of finite difference and finite element methods; linear and non-linear systems; stability and convergence. Error estimation. Current statistical methods for environmental data analysis. Computer applications.
ESC 505 Public Health Engineering (3+0+0)3
General principles of vector control; communicable diseases. Environmental conditions in living and working environment such as light, heat, noise and moisture. Disaster sanitation. Sanitation of swimming environments. Principles of plumbing.
ESC 506 Waste Minimization, Recycling and Clean Technologies (3+0+0)3
Low or no waste clean technologies, engineering and management applications for the minimization of the generation of domestic and industrial wastes. Changes that can be applied in existing industries to save raw materials-natural resources and minimize air, water and soil pollution. Environmentally friendly products. Case studies related to different industries such as meat, leather, dairy products etc. industries.
ESC 507 Modern Concepts in Environmental Engineering (3+0+0)3
Overview of environmental issues and the engineering approach to modern concepts in clean technology design. Modeling techniques for controlling urban smog, PCB’s, toxic chemicals, CFC’s and global warming. Tools of policy assessment: risk assessment, decision analysis and environmental forecasting.
ESC 509 Energy and Environment (3+0+0)3
Energy cycles in the environment. Conventional energy production and consumption as related to environmental pollution. Alternative energy sources; solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, energy from biomass. Energy from waste. Policy making in energy conservation.
ESC 512 Advanced Techniques in Treatment Plant Design (3+0+0)3
ESC 513 Industrial Wastewater Control (3+0+0)3
Sources and characteristics of industrial wastewaters; discharge regulations related to pretreatment, priority pollutants, hazardous wastes, etc. Treatment alternatives; pretreatment, combined treatment and physicochemical treatment systems. Biodegradability and toxicity; inhibition kinetics. Pollution removal processes: separation, adsorption, PACT, chemical oxidation. Toxicity reduction and bio-degradability improvement, membrane processes. Case analysis and discussions from selected industries.
ESC 515 Marine Pollution (3+0+0)3
Introduction to coastal pollution. Oil spills and clean-up. Consequences of oil pollution. Heavy metal pollution. Marine hydrodynamics and pollutant dispersion in the marine environment. Thermal pollution.
ESC 519 Low Cost Wastewater Treatment (3+0+0)3
Stabilization ponds, lagoons and other land treatment methods as appropriate wastewater treatment technologies; performance and limitations of slow irrigation of agricultural areas, overland flow and rain infiltration techniques; site visits.
ESC 534 Landfill Leachate Techniques (3+0+0)3
Effects of landfills on water quality; quantities and characteristics of leachate produced by landfills; parametric considerations of landfill stabilization; effect of recirculation on landfill stabilization and leachate quality; on-site leachate treatment plant design and operation.
ESC 541 Environmental Economics (3+0+0)3
Economic foundations of the degradation of the environment and the depletion of non-renewable resources; economic implications of the solutions for environmental problems; monetary proxies for benefits and costs of environmental programs; instruments of environmental policy.
ESC 543 Treatment Technologies (3+0+0)3
Wastewater characteristics; wastewater treatment objectives; methods; physical unit operations; chemical unit processes; biological unit-processes; treatment and disposal of sludge; advanced wastewater treatment; land-treatment systems; effluent disposal and reuse. Note: This course is for Environmental Social Sciences M.Sc. Program students
ESC 544 Eco-management (3+0+0)3
Improving environmental performance through implementation of integrated management systems. Combined application of environmental management systems and cleaner products for enterprises. Global use of simplified life cycle assessment. Policy integration, strategy and action planning for the application of Eco-Mark program. The role of regulatory systems in demand of environmentally friendly products.
ESC 545 Environmental Sociology (3+0+0)3
Rural, urban and industrial sociology. Environmental problems affecting social structure. Basic demographic processes. Social sampling techniques, questionnaire design. Statistical methods in data evaluation. Utilization of computer software designed for social science data processing.
ESC 546 Environmental Ethics (3+0+0)3
History of ideas on man's place in nature. Evolution of environmentalist movements and ethics in 19th and 20th centuries. Contemporary ideas on environment, technology and economic growth relationships. Sustainable development.
ESC 547 Environmental Law (3+0+0)3
National and international environmental policies and law. Legislation related to the transboundary movement of wastes. Case studies.
ESC 548 Tourism and Environment (3+0+0)3
The interrelation between environment and tourism; deterioration of environment by touristic activities accomplished without necessary infrastructure; coastal and rural pollution; determination of carrying capacity of touristic resorts; effects of environment on tourism. Case studies.
ESC 551 Environmental Chemistry (3+0+0)3
Topics related to the sources, reactions, transport, effects and fates of chemical species in water, soil and air environments. Properties of water and bodies of water in relation to the basic principles of chemistry. Aquatic microbial biochemistry principles. Composition and chemistry of the atmosphere. Particles in the atmosphere and air pollution. Composition and properties of soil in relation to soil pollution.
ESC 552 Chemistry for Environmental Sciences Engineering (2+0+2)3
Basic concepts from general, physical, organic and nuclear chemistry and biochemistry. Introduction to qualitative and quantitative analyses of water and wastewater. Principles of sampling. Laboratory work for pollution parameter determination.
ESC 556 Environmental Biology
ESC 557 Environmental Microbiology (3+0+0)3
An introduction into interest areas of modern environmental microbiology. Microorganisms in aquatic, terrestrial and extreme environments, their diversity and roles in their habitats. Environmental sample collection and processing; sampling strategies, methods and applications for soils, sediments and water. Detection and quantitation of microbial activity including cultural, microscopic, physiological and molecular approaches used in the field of environmental microbiology accompanying with laboratory demonstrations. Impact of microbial activity on the environment in terms of element cycling and the fate of organic and metal pollutants;
ESC 558 Concepts and Models in Ecology (3+0+0)3
Mechanisms of evolution; population genetics; game theory and evolutionary stable strategies; Red Queen hypothesis; ecology of populations; single-species populations; population dynamics; ecology of communities; species diversity; community structure; the origin and maintenance of communities; conservation ecology. Each issue to be accompanied by papers on related topics and mathematical models.
ESC 568 Pollution Prevention Assessment (3+0+0)3
Introduction to the “eco-efficiency” concept and methods of integrating it into industrial and service sectors. Waste minimization and resource conservation based on application of cleaner production. Implementation of best available technologies in selected industries including industrial symbiosis concept. Strategic pollution prevention action plans, legal authorities, international policies, programs and tools. Life cycle assessment in sustainable consumption. Description of life cycle assessment tools and methods. Applications of potential life cycle impact. Use of EU softwares in life cycle assessment of various industrial products.
ESC 570 Environmental Applications of Geographical Information Systems (3+0+0)3
Introduction to Geographical Information System (GIS) methodology. Analysis and manipulation of different kinds of spatial data for accurate and timely information in decision making. Integration of key components; hardware, software, data, people and methods. Types of geographic models: vector and raster models. GIS applications to environmental events.
ESC 571 Introduction to Climate Dynamics (3+0+0)3
Instrumental and proxy climate data. History of Earth's atmosphere and oceans. Climatic subsystems and fundamental processes. Building and analyzing simple climate models. Introduction to atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models. Climates of terrestrial planets.
ESC 572 Global Environmental Systems (3+0+0)3
Physical, chemical and biological properties and processes of the Earth and its compartments in their past and present states.
ESC 573 Environmental Oceanography (3+0+0)3
Introduction to coastal oceanography; shore processes, waves and tides. Properties of seawater, seawater chemistry, methods of seawater analysis. Transport and mixing in coastal waters; turbulence and dispersion. Pollutional problems in coastal waters and eutrophication.
ESC 574 Renewable and Non-renewable Resources (3+0+0)3
Lifetime of renewable and non-renewable resources on the planet; materials, metals and energy; impact of population and technological growth on the resources and environment; possible sustainable technologies for the future.
ESC 575 Environmental Hazard Management (3+0+0)3
Environmental hazards, recognition evaluation and recovery; environmental aspects of natural and technological disasters; risk assessment and perception; siesmic, atmospheric, hydrologic, and technological hazards; disaster debris management; post disaster sanitation.
ESC 576 Coastal Zone Management (3+0+0)3
Issues and approaches to coastal management. The human aspect of the development and utilisation of coastal zones. Physical components of coastal management and dynamic nature of the coastal zone. Evaluation of the structural problems related to the implementation of integrated coastal zone management.
ESC 577 Systems Modeling for Environmental Dynamics (3+0+0)3
Principles and methods of dynamic systems modeling. Feedback concepts and causal loop diagrams. Structure and behavior of environmental systems. Simulation analysis and validation of dynamic models. Modeling for management and for learning. Modeling and simulation of mass transport.. Energetic factors and chemical reactions in the environment. Population dynamics, biogeochemical and eco-toxicological models. Modeling human behavior and man-nature interactions. Spatial dynamic models. Recent developments in ecological and environmental modeling. Non-linearity and abrupt change in environmental systems.
ESC 578 Systems Inquiry and Modeling for Sustainable Development (3+0+0)3
System dynamics research method. Problem identification and hypothesis creation in system dynamics. The sustainable development concept. Problems of sustainable development at local, regional and global scales. Applications of system dynamics on problems of sustainable development. Ecological-economic models, models of renewable and non-renewable resource management, common pool resource problems, urban dynamics, waste management, enrgy issues, agricultural sustainability, ecosystem management and world dynamics. Environmental conflict resolution by group model building.
ESC 579 Graduate Seminar (0+1+0)0
-Widening of students perspectives and awareness of topics of interest to environmental scientists and engineers through seminars offered by faculty, graduating thesis students, and invited speakers from industry, government, business and academia.
ESC 58C SP.STUD:ENV.MAN.SYS.ISO 14000,ENV.IMP.AS
ESC 58D SP.TOP.ENV.AUDITING IN ISO 14000,ENV.MAN
ESC 590 Microbial Ecology (3+0+0) 3
Current topics related to the microbial communities and their environmental impact. Dynamics of microbial interactions with animals, plants and substrates. Applications of microbial ecology in the resolution of environmental problems. Molecular mechanisms of bioremediation by microorganisms. Environmental pathogens, their identification methods in soil, water, air and food samples by using conventional and molecular techniques. Practicals will be arranged to emphasize the basic principles of microbial ecology and their applications in environmental sciences such as sample processing and microbial identification methods.
ESC 597 STES :Environmental Aspects and Use of Miscellanous Chemicals (3+0+0)3
ESC 598 STES:Statistics for Environmental Sciences (3+0+0)3
ESC 599 STES: Ecology of Environmental Pathogens (3+0+0)3
ESC 59A SP.TOP.:AGRICULTURE FOOD&ENVIRONMENT
Population growth, agricultural production and nutrition, 3 wks - Introduction, The origin of agriculture, Human plant interaction, Chapter 1. Agriculture and the environment, Agricultural scientific revolution, general, chemical and mechanical aspects, Environment-nutrition connection, 1 wk - Chapter 2. Nutrition, World food problems, Global food sources, 1 wk - The soil resource, soil use and abuse, 2 wks - Water reuse, 1 wk - Pest control and use of agrochemicals, 1 wk - Pesticides in food, 1 wk - Environmental deterioration of resources, 2 wks
ESC 59B Environmental Molecular Microbiology: Methods and Applications
Introduction. Importance of Molecular Methods in Environmental Biotechnology. Advanced Analytical Techniques (GC, HPLC, Protein and Enzyme Measurements). Microbiological Techniques: Morphylogical and Physiological Analyses. Introduction to Molecular Techniques. Macromolecules and Genetic Information. DNA Structure, Types of RNAs. Genetic Elements. Replication. Transcription. Translation. Sample Preperation for Molecular Works. Extraction of Nucleic Acids. Construction of Clone Libraries. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Phylogenetic Analysis of rRNA Gene Sequences. Denaturant Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Primer Design. Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization (FISH). Probe Design. Microautoradiography. Microsensors. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Nucleic Acid-based in-situ Analyses of Microbial Diversity and Physiology. Bacterial Community Profiling Using DGGE or TGGE Analysis. Fluorescent rDNA Probes for In-situ Bacterial Identification. Quantitative Determination of Nitrifiers, Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidisers (ANAMMOX), Denitrifiers and Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria in Biological Treatment Processes and Natural Systems Using Fluorescent in-situ Hybridization (FISH). Characterization of Acidogenic and Methanogenic Species Using 16S rDNA Analysis-FISH-DGGE. In-situ Identification of Bioremediative Microbial Communities by 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE Analysis.
ESC 59C SP.TOP.IN ENV.SC.: MOL.ECOLOGY&EVOLUTION
ESC 59D SP.TOP.STATISTICAL METHODS IN BIOINFORMA
ESC 59E STES: Research Methodologies in Fluvial Systems Modelling
Fundamental concepts of river modelling and common methodologies used for modelling river systems. Introduction to river hydraulics, transport and transformation processes occurring within the river systems. Main physical processes responsible for the transportation of water and sediments in rivers. Introduction to turbulence modelling; vertical and lateral movement of water within fluvial systems. Modelling algal and sediment transport in rivers. Examples to various water quality models developed for river systems.
ESC 59F STES:GENETIC DATA ANALYS
ESC 59G Sp.Top. Hydrological Processes
ESC 601 Ph.D. Seminar (0+1+0)0
Seminar presented on PhD dissertation
ESC 635 Erosion and its Control (3+0+0)3
Introduction to physical degradation of soils. Erosion development. Water erosion. Wind erosion. Human impacts on erosion. Erosion control factors; contours, terraces, vegetation. Case studies.
ESC 641 Urban and Regional Environmental Planning (3+0+0)3
Ecology and environmental planning. Methodology of urban and rural land use. Urban planning related to population and internal migration. Industrial development and its effect on urbanization. Case studies on coastal zone management, wetlands, industrial sites.
ESC 651 Environmental Toxicology (3+0+0)3
-Introduction to toxicology, uptake and distribution of poisons, detoxification, metabolism and depuration, factors modifying toxicity, economic and environmental toxicology, forensic and clinical toxicology, toxicity tests, experimental and predictive toxicology, dose-response relationships, risk analysis, acute, chronic and special toxicity.
ESC 653 Chemistry of the Atmosphere (3+0+0)3
General characteristics of the atmosphere. Chemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Ions and radicals and free-radical reaction mechanisms in the atmosphere, reactions in the ionosphere,reactions of atmospheric oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, atmospheric sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons. Chemistry of the gaseous inorganic and organic air pollutants in the atmosphere.
ESC 790 Ph.D. Thesis (non-credit)
